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1.Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an adolescents personal fable?
A SENSE OF UNIQUENESS AND SPECIALNESS
THE VIEW THAT HE IS NOT THE FOCUS OF ANYONES ATTENTION EXAGGERATED FEELINGS OF SELF-CONSCIOUSNESS THE VIEW THAT HE IS CONTROLLED BY HIS OWN DEVICES
2. Lev Vygotsky viewed cognitive growth as a continuous process mostly dependent on a childs
STAGES OF PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT.
GENETIC AND INHERITED TENDENCIES. SOCIAL AND CULTURAL INFLUENCES. USE OF LOGIC AND ABSTRACTION.
3. What is one of the pitfalls of scaffolding?
CHILDREN WHO KNOW MORE THAN THEIR MKO
ADULTS WHO REFUSE TO HELP A CHILD LEARN ADULTS WHO STUNT COGNITIVE GROWTH BY HELPING TOO MUCH MENTORS WHO CRITICIZE AND DEMORALIZE THEIR MENTEES
4. Unlike Vygotsky, Piaget would say that cognitive development is most dependent on the factor of__________.
READINESS
CUSTOMS VALUES SOCIAL INTERACTION
5.ALL OF THE FOLLOWING ADJECTIVES DESCRIBE PIAGETS STAGE THEORY OF COGNITIVE GROWTH EXCEPT __________.
discontinuous
random
universal
sequential
6.The author cites how __________ have drastically changed learning and problem solving processes for children.
levels of income
screen technologies
experiences in travel
drug and alcohol use
7. Which of the following behaviors does NOT characteristically appear during Piagets formal stage?
Abstract reasoning
Deductive reasoning
Hypothetical thinking
Symbolic representation
8. During the first two substages of the Piagets sensorimotor stage,
an infants reflexes become voluntary movements.
infants exhibit only involuntary responses to stimuli.
infants understand how to search for hidden objects.
an infants goals become intentional and outer-directed.
9. Piagets first stage of cognitive developmentwhich lasts from birth to about age twois known as the ___________ stage.
involuntary
preoperational
sensorimotor
reflexive
10. Baby girl Sara drops food from her high chair and watches it fall and land. Piaget would say Sara is
organizing experiences.
waiting for consequences.
trying to gain positive attention.
emotionally immature.
11. With age, very early childhood memories become __________.
clearer
false
unreliable
symbolic
12.The expression short-term memory is now more commonly referred to as
mid-term memory.
sensory memory.
working memory.
temporary memory.
13. Which of the following is NOT an executive function of cognition?
Sensory processing
Cognitive flexibility
Response inhibition
Self-regulation
14. In the information-processing approach, a(n) __________ best illustrates the connection between various memories and responses.
hierarchy pyramid
feedback loop
web-like structure
outline
15. What term most closely means thinking about thinking?
Cognitive flexibility
Response inhibition
Self-regulation
Metacognition
16.The Meltzoff studies with newborns and infants suggest that imitation is how infants first
store memories.
bond with parents.
understand their own needs.
begin to use language.
17. What was the conclusion of the study that tested chess piece memory among 10- and 11-year-old chess players and non-chess-playing college students?
Older age facilitates memory.
Experience facilitates memory.
Youth facilitates memory.
Imagination facilitates memory.
18. Information-processing theory differs from Piagets stage theory in that information-processing theory holds that
cognitive capacity is somewhat predetermined at birth.
cognitive capacity is based on smooth, quantitative growth.
cognitive capacity is restricted by certain physical limits.
cognitive capacity is restricted by certain mental limits.
19. How many pieces of information can be consciously held in a typical persons short-term memory system?
1-5
5-9
10-12
13-15
20. Which of the following scenarios is the best example of selective attention?
When Julian is in his familys summer cottage, he hears every noise.
When Julian watches a movie, he can focus on it completely.
When Julian wrestles competitively, he blocks out the crowds noises.
When Julian attends Dr. Friedmans lectures, he listens, mesmerized.
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